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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><title>Modifying package states</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="aptitude.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="aptitude user's manual"><link rel="up" href="ch02s02.html" title="Managing packages"><link rel="prev" href="ch02s02s02.html" title="Accessing package information"><link rel="next" href="ch02s02s04.html" title="Downloading, installing, and removing packages"><link rel="preface" href="pr01.html" title="Introduction"><link rel="chapter" href="ch01.html" title="Chapter 1. Getting started"><link rel="chapter" href="ch02.html" title="Chapter 2. aptitude reference guide"><link rel="chapter" href="ch03.html" title="Chapter 3. aptitude frequently asked questions"><link rel="chapter" href="ch04.html" title="Chapter 4. Credits"><link rel="reference" href="rn01.html" title="Command-line reference"><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re01.html" title="aptitude"><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re02.html" title="aptitude-create-state-bundle"><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re03.html" title="aptitude-run-state-bundle"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Modifying package states</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch02s02s02.html"><img src="images/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Managing packages</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch02s02s04.html"><img src="images/next.gif" alt="Next"></a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="idp57263536"></a>Modifying package states</h3></div></div></div>
	 The following commands are available to modify the states of
	 packages. Commands take effect the next time you perform an
	 <a class="link" href="ch02s02s04.html" title="Downloading, installing, and removing packages">install run</a>; until you
	 do, all of these commands can be reversed using Undo → Undo (Control+u).
	
	 To apply a command to a package, simply select the package
	 in a package list and issue the command. These commands can
	 also be applied to groups of packages by selecting the group
	 header (for instance, “Upgradable Packages”) and issuing the
	 command.
	<div class="informaltable"><table border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Command</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a name="pkgCmdInstall"></a>Install: Package → Install (+)</td><td>
		 Flag the current package for installation.

If the package is not installed, it will be
		 installed. If it is already installed, it will be
		 upgraded if possible and any sticky upgrade
		 prevention that is in effect (eg, Hold) will be
		 cancelled.
		 
		</td></tr><tr class="oddrow"><td><a name="pkgCmdRemove"></a>Remove: Package → Remove (-)</td><td>
		 Flag the currently selected package for
		 removal.

If the package is installed, it will be removed.
		 
		</td></tr><tr><td><a name="pkgCmdPurge"></a>Purge: Package → Purge (_)</td><td>
		 Flag the current package to be purged.

If the package is installed, it will be removed.
		 Furthermore, even if it is removed, any remaining
		 files (such as configuration files) related to the
		 package will be removed from the system.
		 
		</td></tr><tr class="oddrow"><td><a name="pkgCmdKeep"></a>Keep: Package → Keep (:)</td><td>
		 
		 Flag the current package to be kept at its current
		 version.

Any action that was to be performed on the package
		 -- installation, removal, or upgrade -- is
		 cancelled, and any persistent hold that was set on
		 the package is removed.
		 
		</td></tr><tr><td><a name="pkgCmdHold"></a>Hold: Package → Hold (=)</td><td>
		 
		 Set a persistent hold on the package.

As with Keep, any action that was to be performed
		 on the package is cancelled. In addition, the
		 package will not be automatically upgraded
		 <a href="#ftn.footAutoUpgrade" class="footnote" name="footAutoUpgrade">[a]</a>
		 until the hold is removed. You may cancel a hold
		 by issuing the Install command.
		 
		</td></tr><tr class="oddrow"><td><a name="pkgCmdForbid"></a>Package → Forbid Version (F)</td><td>
		 
		 The package will not be automatically
		 upgraded<a href="ch02s02s03.html#ftn.footAutoUpgrade" class="footnoteref">[a]</a>
		 to the version it would currently be upgraded to.
		 If it was going to be upgraded, the upgrade will
		 be cancelled.

If you issue this command on a particular version
		 of a package, the package will not be upgraded to
		 the selected version. Note that only one version
		 can be forbidden at once.

This functionality is largely provided as a
		 convenience for users of the “unstable”
		 distribution, so they can avoid known-bad versions
		 of packages.
		 
		</td></tr><tr><td><a name="pkgCmdReinstall"></a>Reinstall: Package → Reinstall (L)</td><td>
		 Flag the current package for reinstallation.

Note that the reinstallation will not be saved
		 when you quit aptitude or perform an install run,
		 for technical reasons (essentially, the
		 underlying software layers
		 (dpkg and <code class="systemitem">apt</code>) do not provide
		 any way to find out whether a reinstallation was
		 successful or not).
		 
		</td></tr><tr class="oddrow"><td><a name="pkgCmdAuto"></a>Package → Mark Auto (M), Package → Mark Manual (m)</td><td>
		 Sets whether the package is treated as having been
		 automatically installed; automatically installed
		 packages will be removed when no other package
		 requires them. For more information, see <a class="xref" href="ch02s02s06.html" title="Managing automatically installed packages">the section called “Managing automatically installed packages”</a>.
		</td></tr></tbody><tbody class="footnotes"><tr><td colspan="2"><div id="ftn.footAutoUpgrade" class="footnote"><a href="#footAutoUpgrade" class="para">[a] </a>
			That is, it will be unaffected by
			Actions → Mark Upgradable (U) or the <a class="link" href="ch01s02.html#fullUpgrade"><code class="literal">full-upgrade</code></a>
			or <a class="link" href="ch01s02.html#safeUpgrade"><code class="literal">safe-upgrade</code></a>
			command-line actions.
		 </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
	 In addition to these commands that affect the selected
	 package, there are two commands that affect large numbers of
	 packages at once regardless of what is selected.
	 Actions → Forget new packages (f) clears the “new” status of all packages in
	 the package list, and Actions → Mark Upgradable (U) flags every package
	 which can be upgraded for upgrade, except for packages that
	 are held back or would be upgraded to a forbidden version.
	<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><table border="0" summary="Note"><tr><td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="images/note.png"></td><th align="left">Note</th></tr><tr><td align="left" valign="top">
	 All changes to package states are saved when you quit
	 aptitude, update the package list, or perform an install
	 run. If you do not wish to save your changes, you can
	 always abort aptitude by pressing
	 Ctrl-C.
	 </td></tr></table></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ch02s02s02.html"><img src="images/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="ch02s02.html"><img src="images/up.gif" alt="Up"></a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ch02s02s04.html"><img src="images/next.gif" alt="Next"></a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Accessing package information </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html"><img src="images/home.gif" alt="Home"></a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Downloading, installing, and removing packages</td></tr></table></div></body></html>