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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><title>What is the apt system?</title><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="aptitude.css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.78.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="aptitude user's manual"><link rel="up" href="pr01.html" title="Introduction"><link rel="prev" href="pr01s02.html" title="What is a package manager?"><link rel="next" href="pr01s04.html" title="How can I get aptitude?"><link rel="preface" href="pr01.html" title="Introduction"><link rel="chapter" href="ch01.html" title="Chapter 1. Getting started"><link rel="chapter" href="ch02.html" title="Chapter 2. aptitude reference guide"><link rel="chapter" href="ch03.html" title="Chapter 3. aptitude frequently asked questions"><link rel="chapter" href="ch04.html" title="Chapter 4. Credits"><link rel="reference" href="rn01.html" title="Command-line reference"><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re01.html" title="aptitude"><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re02.html" title="aptitude-create-state-bundle"><link rel="refentry" href="rn01re03.html" title="aptitude-run-state-bundle"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">What is the <code class="systemitem">apt</code> system?</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pr01s02.html"><img src="images/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Introduction</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pr01s04.html"><img src="images/next.gif" alt="Next"></a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="idp51581008"></a>What is the <code class="systemitem">apt</code> system?</h2></div></div></div><p> Being able to install and remove packages is great, but the basic software for doing this (known as <code class="systemitem">dpkg</code>) does exactly that and nothing more. This is fine if you download one or two packages by hand, but quickly becomes cumbersome when you are trying to manage a large number of packages. Furthermore, if your shiny new package requires software you haven't yet installed, you have to download the newly required software by hand. And if you later decide to remove the no-longer-shiny package, these extra packages will linger on your system, consuming hard drive space, unless you manually remove them. </p><p> Obviously, all of this manual labor is a tedious chore, and so most package management systems come with software which takes care of some or all of it for you. <code class="systemitem">apt</code> is a common base on which to build these programs: in addition to <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span>, programs such as <span class="command"><strong>synaptic</strong></span> and <span class="command"><strong>apt-watch</strong></span> make use of <code class="systemitem">apt</code>. </p><p> <code class="systemitem">apt</code> works by keeping a list of the packages that can be downloaded from Debian on your computer. This list is used to find packages that need to be upgraded and to install new packages. <code class="systemitem">apt</code> can also solve many dependency problems automatically: for instance, when you choose to install a package, it will find any additional required packages and install those as well. </p><p> When working with a package manager based on <code class="systemitem">apt</code>, such as <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span>, you will typically perform three basic tasks: you will <em class="firstterm">update</em> the list of packages that are available by downloading new lists from the Debian servers, you will <em class="firstterm">select</em> which packages should be installed, upgraded, or removed, and finally, you will <em class="firstterm">commit</em> your selections by actually performing the installations, removals, etc. </p><p> <code class="systemitem">apt</code>-based package managers read the list of <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">sources</span>”</span> -- repositories of Debian packages -- from the file <code class="filename">/etc/apt/sources.list</code>. The format and contents of this file are beyond the scope of this document, but are described in the manual page <code class="systemitem">sources.list(5)</code>. </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pr01s02.html"><img src="images/prev.gif" alt="Prev"></a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="pr01.html"><img src="images/up.gif" alt="Up"></a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="pr01s04.html"><img src="images/next.gif" alt="Next"></a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">What is a package manager? </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html"><img src="images/home.gif" alt="Home"></a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> How can I get <span class="command"><strong>aptitude</strong></span>? </td></tr></table></div></body></html>